Build E-Way Bill (EWB) JSON

Skill: Convert consignment data into the E-Way Bill JSON

Region: India Category: Logistics — GST e-Way Bill Does: Takes consignment/transport data for a movement of goods and produces the E-Way Bill (EWB) JSON submitted to the e-Way Bill portal (NIC), which returns an EWB number and validity. Covers Part A (supplier, recipient, document, value, HSN) and Part B (vehicle/transport), transporter ID, approximate distance, and the ₹50,000 value threshold. System: e-Way Bill portal (ewaybillgst.gov.in) — NIC EWB API/JSON

An e-Way Bill is required for the movement of goods where the consignment value exceeds ₹50,000 (some states set lower intra-state thresholds; certain goods are exempt). Part A carries the invoice/value detail; Part B carries the vehicle/transport detail and starts the validity clock (broadly 1 day per 200 km for regular cargo). The EWB and the GST e-invoice can be generated together from the IRP. Schema versions, distance/validity rules, and exemptions change — generate against the current NIC EWB schema and validate on the sandbox before going live.

When this applies

• Movement of goods of value > ₹50,000 for supply, for reasons other than supply (e.g. branch transfer, job work), or inward supply from an unregistered person.
• Generated by the supplier, recipient, or transporter before movement begins; Part B must be updated with the conveyance before transit.
• Not required for exempt goods, non-motorised conveyance, or within notified short distances/areas.

Input data required

Document structure (NIC EWB JSON)

{
  "supplyType": "O",
  "subSupplyType": "1",
  "docType": "INV",
  "docNo": "INV-2025-0042",
  "docDate": "04/06/2025",
  "fromGstin": "29AABCU9603R1ZM",
  "fromTrdName": "Acme Components Pvt Ltd",
  "fromAddr1": "12 Industrial Layout", "fromPlace": "Bengaluru",
  "fromPincode": 560058, "fromStateCode": "29", "actFromStateCode": "29",
  "toGstin": "27AAACR5055K1Z9",
  "toTrdName": "Sahyadri Traders",
  "toAddr1": "44 MIDC", "toPlace": "Pune",
  "toPincode": 411019, "toStateCode": "27", "actToStateCode": "27",
  "transactionType": 1,
  "totalValue": 200000.00, "cgstValue": 0.00, "sgstValue": 0.00,
  "igstValue": 36000.00, "cessValue": 0.00, "totInvValue": 236000.00,
  "transporterId": "29AABCT1234R1ZX",
  "transMode": "1", "transDistance": "840",
  "vehicleNo": "KA01AB1234", "vehicleType": "R",
  "itemList": [ { "productName","hsnCode","quantity","qtyUnit","taxableAmount",
                  "cgstRate","sgstRate","igstRate","cessRate" } ]
}

Key rules: state codes are the 2-digit GST state codes. Inter-state (supplier state ≠ recipient state) uses IGST; intra-state uses CGST+SGST. transDistance drives validity; vehicleType is R (regular) or O (over-dimensional cargo).

Calculation rules

• Consignment value = taxable value of goods + tax (excluding value of exempt goods on the same invoice); the ₹50,000 test is on this value.
• Per line tax = taxableAmount × rate; inter-state → IGST; intra-state → CGST + SGST.
• totInvValue = totalValue + cgst + sgst + igst + cess.
• Validity: ~1 day per 200 km for regular cargo (different slab for over-dimensional cargo); counted from Part B entry; extendable within the allowed window.

Worked example (inter-state, road — request payload)

{
  "supplyType": "O",
  "subSupplyType": "1",
  "docType": "INV",
  "docNo": "INV-2025-0042",
  "docDate": "04/06/2025",
  "fromGstin": "29AABCU9603R1ZM",
  "fromTrdName": "Acme Components Pvt Ltd",
  "fromAddr1": "12 Industrial Layout", "fromPlace": "Bengaluru",
  "fromPincode": 560058, "fromStateCode": "29", "actFromStateCode": "29",
  "toGstin": "27AAACR5055K1Z9",
  "toTrdName": "Sahyadri Traders",
  "toAddr1": "44 MIDC", "toPlace": "Pune",
  "toPincode": 411019, "toStateCode": "27", "actToStateCode": "27",
  "transactionType": 1,
  "totalValue": 200000.00,
  "cgstValue": 0.00, "sgstValue": 0.00, "igstValue": 36000.00, "cessValue": 0.00,
  "totInvValue": 236000.00,
  "transporterId": "29AABCT1234R1ZX",
  "transMode": "1",
  "transDistance": "840",
  "vehicleNo": "KA01AB1234",
  "vehicleType": "R",
  "itemList": [
    {
      "productName": "Steel bracket", "hsnCode": "73269099",
      "quantity": 1000, "qtyUnit": "NOS", "taxableAmount": 200000.00,
      "cgstRate": 0, "sgstRate": 0, "igstRate": 18, "cessRate": 0
    }
  ]
}

The portal responds with the EWB number and validity:

{
  "ewayBillNo": 391000123456,
  "ewayBillDate": "04/06/2025 11:40:00 AM",
  "validUpto": "09/06/2025 11:59:00 PM"
}

Carry the EWB number with the consignment; update Part B on any vehicle change.

Validation checklist

• Current NIC EWB schema version and code lists used
• Consignment value > ₹50,000 (or lower applicable intra-state threshold); exempt goods excluded
• Valid GSTINs (or URP); from/to state codes and actual dispatch/ship-to states set
• subSupplyType and docType match the movement; HSN on each line
• Inter-state → IGST; intra-state → CGST+SGST; values reconcile to totInvValue
• Part B vehicle/transport detail and transDistance present before movement
• Validity (~1 day / 200 km) tracked; extended within the window if needed
• Linked to the e-invoice/IRN where applicable; not duplicated against the same document

Last updated: 2026-06-04 — confirm the active schema version, field codes, distance/validity rules, and portal/API requirements against the current NIC (ewaybillgst.gov.in) specifications before use.